国際誌論文データベース

Tanibe, T. (谷辺哲史), Watanabe, T. (渡辺匠), Oguchi, M. (小口峰樹), Iijima, K., & Ota, K. (2024). 
The psychological process underlying attitudes toward human-animal chimeric brain research: An empirical investigation. 
ヒト-動物キメラ脳への態度に関する心理過程：経験的な検討
Neuroethics, 17, 15.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09552-7

This study adopted an empirical method to investigate lay people’s attitudes toward the bioethical issues of human-animal chimeric brains. The results of online surveys showed that (1) people did not entirely reject chimeric brain research, but showed slightly more negative responses than ordinary animal testing; and that (2) their ethical concerns arose in connection with the perception that chimerism in the brain would humanize the animal. This means that people’s psychology was consistent with the ethical argument that crossing the human-animal boundary would bring moral confusion to our society. Meanwhile, it was not in line with another argument that moral status depended on having high capacities, and that chimerism would cause a problem if it enhanced animals’ capacities. Furthermore, this study analyzed additional psychological factors related to people’s moral judgment and the relationship among those factors. Several psychological factors, such as the perception that chimeric brain research is unnatural, were identified as mediating the relationship between perception of animal humanization and ethical concerns about creating and using chimeric brains. Introducing an empirical approach to the ethics of human-animal chimeric brains brought two findings: (1) this study informed us of socially shared intuition regarding this novel technology; and (2) it unveiled the psychological processes behind people’s ethical concerns in more detail than they spontaneously mentioned. These findings will help to build normative arguments and future policies that are understandable and acceptable to society.

Shimizu, Y.(清水佑輔), Sato, K., Ogawa, S., Cho, D., Takahashi, Y., Yamashiro, D., Li, Y., Takahashi, T., Hinakura, K., Iizuka, A., Furuya, T., & Suzuki, H. (2024). 
Subjective well-being and implicit anti-old attitudes held by Japanese older adults,
日本人高齢者における、主観的ウェルビーイングと高齢者に対する潜在的態度 
Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 24(S1), 402-404. 
https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.14721

While ageism in younger people has been examined in many gerontological studies, how older adults perceive older people has not been well examined. We examined the relationship between older adults’ subjective well-being and implicit anti-old attitudes. This study included 56 older Japanese participants (49 women and 7 men; mean age = 71.39 ± 4.38 years; range = 65–82 years). Multiple regression analysis was conducted with implicit anti-old attitudes as the dependent variable, and subjective well-being, cognitive function, higher-level functional capacity, and demographics as the independent variables. Results showed that higher subjective well-being had a marginally significant relationship with fewer implicit anti-old attitudes (β = -.26, p = .08). In future studies, we should improve anti-old attitudes held by older adults.

Vlasceanu, M., Doell, K. C., Bak Coleman, J. B., … Toshiyuki Himichi（日道俊之）...Ishii, T.（石井辰典）, …Toshiki Saito（齊藤俊樹） & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). 
Addressing Climate Change with Behavioral Science: A Global Intervention Tournament in 63 Countries. 
気候変動に行動科学で取り組む：63カ国で開催された世界規模の介入試験
Science Advances, 10(6), 1–19. 

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions’ effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior—several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people’s initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.

調査票の日本語訳および日本でのデータ収集は、日道俊之（高知工科大学）・石井辰典（日本女子大学）・伊藤文人（東北大学）・元木康介（東京大学）・齊藤俊樹（早稲田大学）が担当しました（氏名はアルファベット順）。

Kowal, M., Sorokowski, P., … Ishii, T.（石井辰典）, … & Zupančič, M. (2023). 
Validation of the shortened version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 languages. 
短縮版「愛情の三角理論尺度（Triangular Love Scale）」の妥当性を37言語で検証する
Archives of Sexual Behavior, 53, 839–857.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02702-7

Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg’s 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale—the TLS-15—comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test–retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components—either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure.

調査票の日本語訳および日本でのデータ収集は、石井辰典（日本女子大学）・国里愛彦（専修大学）・遠山朝子（専修大学）山田祐樹（九州大学）が担当しました（氏名はアルファベット順）。またこの活動に際し、日本心理学会「新型コロナウイルス感染拡大に関連した実践活動及び研究」の助成を受けました。

Ogihara, Y. (荻原祐二) (2023). 
Historical changes in baby names in China. 
中国における新生児の名前の歴史的変化
F1000Research, 12, 601.
https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.131990.2

Based on previous research on names and naming practices, I propose three suggestions to Bao et al. (2021), which investigated historical changes in given names of Han Chinese in China between 1920 and 2005. Their study analyzed a one-shot cross-sectional survey conducted in 2005 and reported that unique names increased from 1920 to 2005. The authors concluded that China became more individualistic over time for the period. However, three questions have remained unanswered in Bao et al. (2021). First, were the samples of older birth cohorts truly representative? Second, did unique names increase only after the 1970s? Third, how are the historical changes in average name length interpreted? Answering these three questions would contribute to a further understanding of the historical changes in given names and their underlying psychological/cultural shifts in China.

1920年から2005年の中国における名前の歴史的な変化を検討したBao et al. (2021)に対して、名前と名づけの習慣に関する先行研究に基づき、3つの提案を行った。彼らの研究は、2005年に行われた単発の横断調査を分析し、1920年から2005年にかけて個性的な名前が増えていると報告していた。彼らはその結果から、中国が個人主義化していると結論付けていた。しかし、3つの点で不明確さが残っていた。第1に、昔の出生コホートのサンプルは本当に代表性が高いのか不明であった。第2に、1970年代以降においてのみ、個性的な名前が増えているのか明らかでなかった。第3に、名前の長さの歴史的な変化はどのように解釈されるのか不明であった。これらの疑問に答えることは、中国における名前の歴史的変化とその根底にある心理的・文化的変容を理解することに更なる貢献をもたらすであろう。

【Xにおける紹介】 https://twitter.com/Yu_Ogihara/status/1750728499906920589

Hiraishi, K.（平石界）, Miura, A.（三浦麻子）, Higuchi, M.（樋口匡貴）, Fujishima, Y.（藤島喜嗣）, Nakamura, D., Suyama, M.（須山巨基） (2024). 
A systematic review of conference papers presented at two large Japanese psychology conferences in 2013 and 2018: did Japanese social psychologists selectively report p < 0.05 results without peer review?
日本の大規模な2つの心理学会で2013年と2018年に発表された学会発表に関する系統的レビュー：日本の社会心理学者は、査読がなくてもp < 0.05の結果を選択的に報告していたのか？ 
PeerJ, 12:e16763.
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16763

We conducted a systematic review of conference papers in social psychology at two large psychology conferences in Japan: the Japanese Psychological Association and the Japanese Society for Social Psychology. The conference papers were effectively not subjected to peer review; hence, they were suitable for testing if psychologists selectively reported statistically significant findings without pressure from journal editors and reviewers. We investigated the distributions of z-values converted from the p-values reported in the articles presented at the 2013 and 2018 conferences. The z-curve analyses suggest the existence of selective reporting by the authors in 2013. The expected discovery rate (EDR) was much lower than the observed discovery rate (ODR; 7% vs. 76%, respectively), and the 95% confidence interval (CI) did not include the ODR. However, this does not mean that the set of studies completely lacked evidential value. The expected replication rate (ERR) was 31%; this is significantly higher than 5%, which was expected under the null hypothesis of no effect. Changes were observed between 2013 and 2018. The ERR increased (31% to 44%), and the EDR almost doubled (7% to 13%). However, the estimation of the maximum false discovery rate (FDR; 68% in 2013 and 35% in 2018) suggested that a substantial proportion of the reported findings were false positives. Overall, while social psychologists in Japan engaged in selective reporting, this does not mean that the entire field was covered with false positives. In addition, slight signs of improvement were observed in how they reported their findings. Still, the evidential value of the target studies was weak, even in 2018, allowing for no optimism.

日本の2つの大きな心理学の学会、日本心理学会と日本社会心理学会での社会心理学に関する学会発表について、系統的なレビューを行いました。これらの学会発表は実質的には査読を受けていなかったため、研究者が雑誌の編集者や査読者からの圧力を受けずに統計的に有意な結果を選択的に報告しているかどうかを検証するのに適していました。2013年と2018年の会議で発表された論文に記載されたp値から変換されたz値の分布を調査しました。zカーブ分析により、2013年の著者による選択的報告の存在が示唆されました。期待される発見率（EDR）は観測された発見率（ODR；7％対76％）よりもはるかに低く、95％信頼区間（CI）はODRを含んでいませんでした。ただし、これは研究セット全体が証拠価値を完全に欠いていたわけではありません。期待される再現率（ERR）は31％であり、効果のない帰無仮説の下で予想される5％よりも著しく高かったです。2013年と2018年の間に変化が観察されました。ERRは増加し（31％から44％）、EDRはほぼ倍増しました（7％から13％）。しかし、最大偽発見率（FDR；2013年は68％、2018年は35％）の推定により、報告された結果のかなりの割合が偽陽性であったことが示唆されました。全体として、日本の社会心理学者は選択的報告を行っていたものの、これが分野全体が偽陽性で覆われていることを意味するわけではありません。さらに、彼らが結果を報告する方法にわずかながら改善の兆しが見られました。それでも、2018年における対象研究の証拠価値は弱く、楽観視する余地はありませんでした。

Kanemasa, Y. (金政祐司), Miyagawa, Y. (宮川裕基), & Arai, T. (荒井崇史) (2024). 
Attachment anxiety and the dark triad increase stalking after breakups of romantic relationships through psychological maltreatment of romantic partners and reactions to breakups.
愛着不安ならびにダークトライアドが関係破綻後のストーキング加害を増大させるプロセス：パートナーへの心理的な暴力や関係破綻への反応による媒介効果
Aggressive Behavior, 50, e22133.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.22133

This study examined whether two personality traits, attachment anxiety, and the Dark Triad, longitudinally promote stalking behaviors after romantic breakups through psychological maltreatment of partners during relationships and maladjusted reactions to breakups. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study across four waves of assessment for 1 year of individuals in romantic relationships in Japan. They completed measures of attachment anxiety, the Dark Triad, need for control, and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration at Wave 1, and measures of maladjusted reactions to breakups (i.e., anger and rumination) and stalking behaviors at a wave after breakups. The final sample consisted of 356 participants who were involved in romantic relationships at Wave 1 and left by their partners during the survey period. Correlational analysis showed that the Dark Triad at Wave 1 was significantly positively associated with future stalking behaviors, but attachment anxiety was not. Structural equation modeling showed that attachment anxiety and the Dark Triad increased future stalking behaviors after breakups through psychological IPV perpetration during relationships. Additionally, attachment anxiety increased future stalking behaviors through higher levels of postbreakup anger and rumination. Conversely, we did not find any indirect effects of the Dark Triad on stalking behaviors through these reactions toward breakups. Overall, these results suggest that it is necessary to consider personality traits that could damage intimate relationships and to focus on the quality of romantic relationships to prevent stalking after romantic breakups. These results also indicate that emotion regulation may be useful in preventing stalking caused by attachment anxiety.

Mizuno, K. (水野景子), & Shimizu, H. (清水裕士) (2023). 
Measuring social value orientation by model-based scoring.
モデルベーストスコアリングによる社会的価値志向性 (SVO) の測定
Behaviormetrika.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41237-023-00211-4 

This study proposes a method of measuring social value orientation using model-based scoring and a task suitable for such scoring. We evaluated this method by means of parameter recovery simulation (Study 1), and we examined its retest reliability (Study 2) and its predictive validity (Study 3). The results indicate that the proposed method has low bias and sufficient predictive validity. While the improvement in predictive validity of altruism was negligible and comparable to previous scoring methods in terms of confidence intervals, the measurement of equality using the proposed model and task combination produced a moderate correlation that was not observed with other methods. Although SVO is a concept used primarily in psychology, the model assumed in this study is mathematically equivalent to a well-known economics model. We, therefore, suggest that this method may lead to cross-disciplinary research.

Ishihara, T., Hashimoto, S., Tamba, N., Hyodo, K., Matsuda, T., & Takagishi, H.（高岸治人） (2024). 
The links between physical activity and prosocial behavior: an fNIRS hyperscanning study. 
身体活動と向社会的行動の関連：fNIRSハイパースキャンニング研究
Cerebral Cortex, bhad509.
https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad509

The prevalence of physically inactive lifestyles in modern society raises concerns about the potential association with poor brain health, particularly in the lateral prefrontal cortex, which is crucial for human prosocial behavior. Here, we explored the relationship between physical activity and prosocial behavior, focusing on potential neural markers, including intra-brain functional connectivity and inter-brain synchrony in the lateral prefrontal cortex. Forty participants, each paired with a stranger, completed two experimental conditions in a randomized order: (i) face-to-face and (ii) face stimulus (eye-to-eye contact with a face stimulus of a fictitious person displayed on the screen). Following each condition, participants played economic games with either their partner or an assumed person displayed on the screen. Neural activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex was recorded by functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning. Sparse multiset canonical correlation analysis showed that a physically inactive lifestyle was covaried with poorer reciprocity, greater trust, shorter decision-making time, and weaker intra-brain connectivity in the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and poorer inter-brain synchrony in the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex. These associations were observed exclusively in the face-to-face condition. Our findings suggest that a physically inactive lifestyle may alter human prosocial behavior by impairing adaptable prosocial decision-making in response to social factors through altered intra-brain functional connectivity and inter-brain synchrony.

Hiraoka, D. (平岡大樹), Kawanami, A., Sakurai, K., & Mori, C. (2024).
Within-individual relationships between mother-to-infant bonding and postpartum depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study.
母子ボンディング感情と産後うつ症状との個人内関連性
Psychological Medicine, Advance online publication, 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723003707

Background
Although the importance of the dynamic intra-individual relationship between mother-to-infant bonding and postpartum depressive symptoms has been widely recognized, the complex interplay between them is not well understood. Furthermore, the potential role of prenatal depressive symptoms and infant temperament in this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to examine the bidirectional influence of mother-to-infant bonding on postpartum depressive symptoms within individuals and to elucidate whether prenatal depressive symptoms and infant temperament would influence deviations from stable individual states.

Methods
Longitudinal data were collected from 433 women in early pregnancy. Of these, 360 participants completed the main questionnaires measuring impaired mother-to-infant bonding and postpartum depressive symptoms at least once during the postpartum period. Data were collected at early and late pregnancy and several postpartum time points: shortly after birth and at one, four, ten, and 18 months postpartum. We also assessed prenatal depressive symptoms and infant temperament. A random-intercept cross-lagged panel model was used.

Results
Within-individual variability in mother-to-infant bonding, especially anger and rejection, significantly predicted subsequent postpartum depressive symptoms. However, the inverse relationship was not significant. Additionally, prenatal depressive symptoms and difficult infant temperament were associated with greater within-individual variability in impaired mother-to-infant bonding and postpartum depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that the within-individual relationship between mother-to-infant bonding and postpartum depressive symptoms is likely non-bidirectional. The significance of the findings is underscored by the potential for interventions aimed at improving mother-to-infant bonding to alleviate postpartum depressive symptoms, suggesting avenues for future research and practice.