国際誌論文データベース

Nonami, H.（野波寛）, Hirose, Y.（広瀬幸雄）, Ohnuma, S.（大沼進）, Midden, C., & Ohtomo, S.（大友章司） (2015).
Effects of voice and similarity on procedural fairness and trust: A dual process model of public acceptance based on representatives’ participation.
手続き的公正と信頼に対する声と類似性の効果
Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 18(3), 216-224.
doi: 10.1111/ajsp.12097

In citizen participation, a few representatives of the total citizen population participate in discussions with authorities regarding public decisions and policies. The present study examines a dual process model in which the representatives’ voice and similarity of values facilitate public acceptance through procedural fairness and trust in representatives, respectively. The results of an experiment employing a scenario method, which included participants from Japan (n = 211) and the Netherlands (n = 200), indicate that the representatives’ voice increased procedural fairness and public acceptance when the similarity of representatives was high. The effects of representatives’ voice on public acceptance via procedural fairness was supported in both nations, while other effects of representatives’ similarity on acceptance via trust were indicated only in Japan. These results suggest that the indirect voice of citizens, as conveyed by representatives, plays an important role in increasing perceptions of procedural fairness and public acceptance among citizens.

Teraguchi, T.（寺口司）, & Kugihara, N.（釘原直樹） (2015). 
Effects of labeling and group category of evaluators on evaluations of aggression. 
攻撃の評価に対するラベリングと評価者の集団カテゴリの効果
PLoS ONE, 10(12): e0144384.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144384

This study investigated whether the effect of labeling on people’s evaluation of aggression varies according to the group category of the evaluators (i.e., whether they are ingroup members or third parties). Two labeling strategies—the negative labeling of victims (NL strategy) and the positive labeling of aggressors (PL strategy)–were adopted. We conducted an experiment using the hot sauce paradigm, as a way to assess aggressive intent that includes behavioral measures of evaluations. The results suggested that the NL strategy causes ingroup members to evaluate aggression in a more positive light, while the PL strategy has the same effect but on third parties instead. Thus, labeling strategies may increase the severity of aggressors’ reaction and could also be a factor that can escalate a war or conflict.

Nakade, M.*, Takagi, D. (高木大資)*, Suzuki, K., Aida, J., Ojima, T., Kondo, K., Hirai, H., & Kondo, N. (*Equal contribution) (2015).
Influence of socioeconomic status on the association between body mass index and cause-specific mortality among older Japanese adults: The AGES Cohort Study.
日本の高齢者におけるBMIと特定死因死亡率の関連に対する社会経済地位の影響
Preventive Medicine, 77, 112-118.
doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.05.015

Takagi, D. (高木大資), Kondo, N., Takada, M., & Hashimoto, H. (2016).
Educational attainment, time preference, and health-related behaviors: A mediation analysis from the J-SHINE survey.
学業達成，時間選好と健康関連行動―J
Social Science & Medicine, 153, 116-122.
doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.01.054

Evidence consistently shows that low education is associated with unhealthy behaviors. A recent study in behavioral economics argued that high time preferences – the tendency to prefer immediate gain to later reward – explain the limited self-control of individuals in making preventive health-related choices. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of time preference on the associations between education and smoking, binge drinking and overweight in young and middle-aged adults living in a Japanese metropolitan area, using a quantitatively measured time discount rate. A population-based probabilistic sample of residents of 25–50 years of age living in four municipalities within Japanese metropolitan areas where economic disparity is relatively large was obtained from the Japanese Study on Stratification, Health, Income, and Neighborhood (J-SHINE). Respondents answered the questionnaire items using a computer-aided personal instrument (CAPI). Data from 3,457 respondents were used in this study. Time preferences measured as categorical responses were converted into a continuous number of time discount rates by using the maximum likelihood method. Smoking habit, binge drinking, and body mass index were regressed on educational attainment with demographics and other confounders. The mediating effects of the time discount rate were examined with the bootstrapping method. Results showed that the time discount rate did not mediate the association between education and binge drinking and BMI. Even for smoking, the mediating effect of time discount rate was quite limited, indicating that the proportion of total effect of education mediated was only 4.3% for men and 3.0% for women. The results suggest that modifying time preferences through educational intervention has only limited efficacy in closing disparities in health-related behaviors, and that other mediators fostered by schooling, such as knowledge/skills, group norms and supportive peers/networks, may be more important as modifiable mediators in the link between education and smoking.

Arimitsu, K. (有光興起) (2016).
The effects of a program to enhance self-compassion in Japanese individuals: A randomized controlled pilot study.
日本人のセルフ・コンパッションを高めるプログラムの効果
Journal of Positive Psychology.
doi: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1152593

Komiya, A. （小宮あすか）, Oishi, S., & Lee, M. (2016).
The rural–urban difference in interpersonal regret.
対人的後悔における田舎の都会の違い
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 42(4), 513-525.
doi: 10.1177/0146167216636623

The present research examined rural–urban differences in interpersonal regret. In Study 1, participants who grew up in rural areas reported stronger interpersonal regret than those who grew up in large cities. In Study 2, we conducted an experiment and found that participants who were assigned to imagine a rural life reported greater interpersonal regret than those who were assigned to imagine an urban life. Moreover, this rural–urban difference was mediated by the degree to which participants wrote about informal social control such as gossip and reputation concerns. Finally, in Study 3, we used the pictorial eye manipulation, which evokes a concern for informal social control, and found that participants from large cities who were exposed to the eyes reported more intense interpersonal regret than those who were not exposed to the eyes. Together, these studies demonstrate that informal social control is a key to understanding rural–urban differences in interpersonal regret.

Tsujikawa, N.（辻川典文）, Tsuchida, S.（土田昭司）, & Shiotani, T.（塩谷尚正） (2015). 
Changes in the factors influencing public acceptance of nuclear power generation in Japan since the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. 
2011年福島第一原発事故以来の日本における原子力発電のパブリック・アクセプタンスに影響する要因の変化
Risk analysis, 36(1), 98-113.

Public support for nuclear power generation has decreased in Japan since the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in March 2011. This study examines how the factors influencing public acceptance of nuclear power changed after this event. The influence factors examined are perceived benefit, perceived risk, trust in the managing bodies, and pro-environmental orientation (i.e., new ecological paradigm). This study is based on cross-sectional data collected from two online nationwide surveys: one conducted in November 2009, before the nuclear accident, and the other in October 2011, after the accident. This study’s target respondents were residents of Aomori, Miyagi, and Fukushima prefectures in the Tohoku region of Japan, as these areas were the epicenters of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the locations of nuclear power stations. After the accident, trust in the managing bodies was found to have a stronger influence on perceived risk, and pro-environmental orientation was found to have a stronger influence on trust in the managing bodies; however, perceived benefit had a weaker positive influence on public acceptance. We also discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

Sasaki, Y.（佐々木裕一）, Kawai, D.（河井大介）, & Kitamura, S.（北村智） (2015).
The anatomy of tweet overload: How number of tweets received, number of friends, and egocentric network density affect perceived information overload.
ツイート・オーバロードを解剖する：どの程度のツイート数，フレンド数，ネットワーク密度が情報過多とみなされるか
Telematics and Informatics, 32(4), 853-861.
doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2015.04.008

More than 21 million monthly active users (MAUs) in Japan read, communicate, and share information with others via Twitter (in May 2013). In this study, we focused on perceived information overload by analyzing the number of tweets received, number of friends, and density of a user’s egocentric network. These three variables were examined using objective data collected through Twitter’s open Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). We collected data concerning tweet overload through a web-based survey, and we used an ordered logistic regression analysis to examine the combined data (n = 1277). Results demonstrated that only the number of friends had a significantly positive effect on perceived tweet overload, while the number of tweets received did not produce a significant effect. Although the density of a user’s egocentric network did not demonstrate any significant effect on perceived tweet overload, a significant interaction effect appeared between the number of friends and the density of this network. In other words, findings indicated that a large number of friends strengthened the network density’s effect; by contrast, a smaller number of friends strengthened network density but reduced perceived tweet overload. The findings are discussed in detail in this article.