日本の社会心理学者たちは，活発な研究活動を展開・公表しており，その成果は日本語による論文であれば例えば日本社会心理学会の機関誌である「社会心理学研究」等の学会誌に掲載され，また学術書として公刊されています．一方，当然のことながら学問に国境はなく，特に近年では国際的な論文誌や書籍にその成果が掲載されることも増えてきました．しかし，こうした国際的成果をくまなく知ることは，あまりにそのフィールドが広いためにあまり容易ではありませんでした．
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現在の掲載論文数は，554件です．
Takano & Ukezono (2014)
Takano, Y. & Ukezono, U. (請園正敏) (2014). An experimental task to examine the mirror system in rats. Scientific Reports 4, Article number: 6652. doi: 10.1038/srep06652
The mirror system in the brain is considered to be a neural basis of sociality, but previous studies have been limited to primates. Here we report an experimental task to examine the mirror system in rats. We show that a rat could reach to a pellet and grasp and eat it in front of another rat that was observing the reaching, which indicates that the task will enable us to start exploring the rat mirror system.
Kusumi et al. (2014)
Kusumi, T. (楠見孝), Ogura, K. (小倉加奈代), & Miura, A. (三浦麻子) (2014). Development of a support group using a virtual space for cancer patients. がん患者のオンラインサポートグループの発展過程 International Journal of Web Based Communities (IJWBC), 10(4).
※5年間にわたるがん患者とファシリテイター（いずれも医療従事者）によるオンラインチャットを用いたサポートグループにおけるコミュニケーション構造を解析した研究．時間経過につれてポジティブ感情の表明が増加し，また症状に関する開示も増えたことから，メンバー間に信頼関係が醸成されていることが示唆された．また，ファシリテイターの役割も変化していた．
Ikeda et al. (2014)
Ikeda, K., Fujimoto, S., Morling, B., Takahara-Ayano, S., Carroll, A. E., Harashima, S.,Uchida, Y. (内田由紀子), & Inagaki, N. (2014). Social Orientation and Diabetes-Related Distress in Japanese and American Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. 糖尿病患者の心の負担に日本人特有の要因の存在-協調性を重視する文化の影響- PloS one, 9(10): e109323. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109323
Objective
Recent evidence in cultural and social psychology suggests Eastern cultures’ emphasis on harmony and connection with others and Western cultures’ emphasis on self-direction and autonomy. In Eastern society, relational harmony is closely linked to people’s well-being. The impact of this cultural and social orientation on diabetes-related distress was investigated.
Research Design and Methods
Japanese and American patients with type 2 diabetes were surveyed by well-established questionnaire in Japan and in the United States, respectively. The association of personal values for interdependence, perceived emotional support, and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale (PAID) were analyzed.
Results
A positive correlation between interdependence and PAID (r = 0.18; P = 0.025) and a negative correlation between perceived emotional support and PAID (r = − 0.24; P = 0.004) were observed after adjustments for other factors in Japanese data (n = 149), but not in American data (r = 0.00; P = 0.990, r = 0.02; P = 0.917, respectively, n = 50). In Japanese data, the three-factor structure of PAID (negative feelings about total life with diabetes, about living conditions with diabetes, and about treatment of diabetes) was identified, and interdependence showed significant positive correlations with the first and second factors and perceived emotional support showed significant negative correlations with all three factors of PAID.
Conclusions
These results suggest that personal values for interdependence may be linked to the level of diabetes-related distress and that the distress may be relieved by perception of emotional support, especially in an interdependent cultural context.
プレスリリース（京都大学）：糖尿病患者の心の負担に日本人特有の要因の存在 －協調性を重視する文化の影響－
Takemura et al. (2014)
Takemura, K. (竹村幸祐), Uchida, Y. (内田由紀子), & Yoshikawa, S. (2014). Roles of Extension Officers to Promote Social Capital in Japanese Agricultural Communities. 日本の農業コミュニティにおける社会関係資本の醸成：農業普及員の役割 PloS one, 9(3), e91975. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091975
Social capital has been found to be correlated with community welfare, but it is not easy to build and maintain it. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the role of professional coordinators of social relationships to create and maintain social capital in a community. We focused on extension officers in Japanese agricultural communities, who help farmers in both technical and social matters. A large nation-wide survey of extension officers as well as two supplementary surveys were conducted. We found that (1) social capital-related activities (e.g., assistance for building organizations among farmers) were particularly effective for solving problems; (2) social capital (trust relationships) among community residents increased their life quality; (3) social capital in local communities was correlated with extension officers’ own communication skills and harmonious relationships among their colleagues. In sum, social capital in local communities is maintained by coordinators with professional social skills.
Tsukamoto et al. (2015)
Tsukamoto, S.（塚本早織）, Holland, E., Haslam, N., Karasawa, M.（唐沢穣）, & Kashima, Y. (2015).
Cultural Differences in Perceived Coherence of the Self and In-group: A Japan-Australia Comparison.
自己と内集団の認知的一貫性の日豪比較
Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 18(1), 83–89.
doi: 10.1111/ajsp.12090
Past studies have found that East Asians ascribe less consistency to individual selves than Westerners, but ascribe more consistency to social groups than Westerners. Using the concepts of naive dialecticism (i.e. the tendency to tolerate contradiction) and psychological essentialism (i.e. the tendency to attribute a fixed essence to something) as different aspects of consistency perception, we examined patterns of perceived consistency of the self and national ingroup among Japanese and Australians. Compared to Australians, Japanese showed more naive dialecticism and less psychological essentialism for the self; however, this cultural difference was not found for their national ingroups. These findings suggest that lay theories are applied in a domain-specific manner, and the domains to which they are applied depend on culture.
Takada & Murata (2014)
Takada, M. (高田雅美) & Koji, M. (村田光二) (2014).
Accentuation of bias in jury decision-making.
陪審意思決定におけるバイアスの増大
Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17, 110-124.
doi: 10.1177/1368430213490210
We investigated the bias accentuation effect of group decision-making. Previous studies have shown that individuals were more likely to endorse the guilty verdict when the prosecution evidence was presented in a temporal order (story condition) than when the same evidence was presented in a nontemporal order (witness condition). We expected that group deliberation would accentuate this biasing effect of evidence order through a majority-wins process. Sixty-six 3-person groups engaged in a mock jury task either in the story or witness condition. As predicted, group deliberation accentuated the difference in the verdict judgments between the two conditions through a majority-wins/leniency asymmetry process. This accentuation effect was not moderated by how juries deliberated (evidence-driven vs. verdict-driven). Some theoretical and practical implications of these findings were discussed.
Nakashima et al. (2014)
Nakashima, S. F.（中嶋智史）, Morimoto, Y.（森本裕子）, Takano, Y., Yoshikawa, S.（吉川左紀子） & Hugenberg, K. (2014). Faces in the dark: Interactive effects of darkness and anxiety on the memory for threatening faces. 脅威顔の記憶における暗さと不安の交互作用効果 Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1091 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01091In the current research, we extend past work on the effects of ambient darkness and threat to the domain of memory for expressive faces. In one study, we examined the effects of ambient darkness and individual differences in state anxiety on memory of unfamiliar expressive faces. Here, participants were seated in either a dark or light room and encoded a set of unfamiliar faces with angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. A subsequent recognition task revealed an interactive effect of ambient darkness, anxiety, and target expression. Highly anxious participants in ambient darkness had worse memory for angry faces than did low-anxiety participants. On the other hand, the recognition performance for happy faces was affected neither by the darkness nor state anxiety. The results suggest not only that ambient darkness has its strongest effect on anxious perceivers, but also that person × situation effects should be considered in face recognition research.
Takagishi et al. (2014)
Takagishi, H.（高岸治人）, Koizumi, M., Fujii, T.（藤井貴之）, Schug, J., Kameshima, S., &Yamagishi, T.（山岸俊男） (2014). The Role of Cognitive and Emotional Perspective Taking in Economic Decision Making in the Ultimatum Game. 認知/情動的視点取得の認知的役割：最後通牒ゲームの経済的意思決定を用いた検討 PLOS ONE, 9(9): e108462 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108462
We conducted a simple resource allocation game known as the ultimatum game (UG) with preschoolers to examine the role of cognitive and emotional perspective-taking ability on allocation and rejection behavior. A total of 146 preschoolers played the UG and completed a false belief task and an emotional perspective-taking test. Results showed that cognitive perspective taking ability had a significant positive effect on the proposer’s offer and a negative effect on the responder’s rejection behavior, whereas emotional perspective taking ability did not impact either the proposer’s or responder’s behavior. These results imply that the ability to anticipate the responder’s beliefs, but not their emotional state, plays an important role in the proposer’s choice of a fair allocation in an UG, and that children who have not acquired theory of mind still reject unfair offers.
Sato & Yuki (2014)
Sato, K.（佐藤剛介）& Yuki, M.（結城雅樹） (2014). The association between self-esteem and happiness differs in relationally mobile vs. stable contexts. 自尊心と幸福感の関連は関係流動/安定的な文脈でどのように異なるのか Frontiers in Psychology, 5:1113. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01113Does a change in the nature of surrounding social context affect the strength of association between self-esteem and happiness? This paper aims to answer this question from a socio-ecological perspective, focusing on the role of relational mobility. Recent research has shown that this association is stronger in societies that are higher in relational mobility, where there is a greater freedom of choice in interpersonal relationships and group memberships. In this study, we tested if this hypothesis could be applied to situational differences within the same physical setting. Using a quasi-experimental design, we tested if the association between self-esteem and happiness was stronger for first-year students at a Japanese university who had just entered the college and thus were in a relatively higher mobility context, than the second year students at the same university whose relationships tended to be more stable and long-standing. The results showed, as predicted, that the association between self-esteem and happiness was stronger for the first-year students than for the second-year students. Implications for the theory and research on social change are discussed.
Zhou et al. (2014)
Zhou, B., Lacroix, F., Sasaki, J. （佐々木淳）, Peng, Y., Wang, X., & Ryder, A. G. (2014). Unpacking Cultural Variations in Social Anxiety and the Offensive-Type of Taijin Kyofusho Through the Indirect Effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Self-Construals. 社会的不安と攻撃型対人恐怖症の文化的差異 Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. doi: 10.1177/0022022114548483
This article presents two studies that aim to unpack cultural variations in general social anxiety (SA) and the offensive-type of Taijin Kyofusho (OTKS)—a type of SA characterized by the extreme fear of offending others. Cultural variations in the expression and manifestation of SA are well established; however, the mechanisms underpinning this relation are unclear. The present studies use the Parallel Multiple Mediation Model to study how SA and OTKS are jointly shaped by self-construal and intolerance of uncertainty (IU). Study 1 compared Euro-Canadians and Chinese migrants in Canada. Results showed a mean group difference in OTKS, but not SA, with the difference mediated by IU. Study 2 tested this pattern of multiple mediations in Japanese, Chinese, and Euro-Canadian cultural contexts. Results showed significant differences among these three cultural groups on both SA and OTKS via multiple mediators (e.g., independent vs. interdependent self-construals and IU). Findings in both studies revealed that OTKS seems to be a psychopathology that is not specific to Japanese participants. The underlying mechanisms and processes of OTKS are also significantly different from SA. Significant cultural variations in SA and OTKS between Chinese versus Japanese cultural contexts were observed in Study 2. These studies demonstrate the conceptual and empirical advantages of using more complex models to unpack the psychological mechanisms shaping cultural variations in SA and OTKS.