Vol. 38 No. 2 December, 2022 英文要約
- Title
- Can Ingroup Opposition to Political Apologies Be Mitigated?
Negative Evidence for Dissociation from the Past and Praise
for the Present System
- Author
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Yohsuke OHTSUBO (University of Tokyo)
Toshiyuki HIMICHI (Kochi University of Technology)
Kazunori INAMASU (Kwansei Gakuin University)
Shoko KOHAMA (Hokkaido University)
Nobuhiro MIFUNE (Kochi University of Technology)
Atsushi TAGO (Waseda University, Peace Research Institute Oslo)
- Summary
- Japan issued many political apologies after World War II, although these failed to foster intergroup forgiveness. One possible reason for these failures may be the presence of within-country opposition to government apologies. It has been suggested that some elements of political apologies may be intended to mitigate such within-country opposition. Two studies (total sample size=1,500) tested whether a statement that dissociates past injustice from the country’s present political system and a statement that praises the country’s present system would mitigate opposition to a political apology. The results did not support the mitigating hypothesis. Moreover, we tested whether these statements would be particularly effective in reducing the opposition of strong opponents (e.g., individuals high in Social Dominance Orientation). Although this effect
was significant in Study 1, a preregistered study (Study 2) failed to replicate it.
- Key words
- political apology, social dominance orientation (SDO), militarism, political conservatism, preregistered study
-
- Title
- Relationship between Being Bullied in Junior High School and Subsequent Adjustment to High School
- Author
-
Koji MISHIMA (College of Contemporary Education, Chubu University)
- Summary
- This study examined the relationship between the damage of bullying in junior high school and school
adaptation after entering high school. Three surveys of 281 high school students were conducted at various
points in time. The first survey was conducted immediately before the respondents started high school to
measure the extent of bullying respondents had experienced in junior high school. The second survey was conducted in June, shortly after the respondents started high school, to measure their depressive tendencies and future prospects. The final survey was conducted in November to measure the extent to which respondents had
adjusted to high school. An analysis of the survey results suggested that the“ prosocial effort orientation” factor
and the“ positive and active future image” factor that compose a positive future outlook may be related to the process by which being a target of bullying reduces an individual’s ability to adjust to school.
- Key words
- bullying, future perspective, school adaptation, depressive tendencies, high school students
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