Miura, A.（三浦麻子）, Murayama, A.（村山綾）, & Kitamura, H.（北村英哉） (2024).
Behind the mask: Analyzing the dual influence of social norms on pandemic behavior in Japan.
マスク着用に2つの社会的規範が及ぼす影響
Japanese Psychological Research. (Early View)
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12520
This study examines the relationship between social norms and mask-wearing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan from two distinct normative perspectives: injunctive norms (governmental recommendations) and descriptive norms (observed behavior in others). Data were collected from a panel survey of Japanese residents from February to October 2023. Contrary to the study’s hypothesis, which was based on system justification theory, no significant relationship was found between system justification motivation and individual mask-wearing rates, either before or after the relaxation of governmental rules in March 2023. Additionally, a cross-lagged panel model analysis conducted after the rule relaxation indicated a relationship between descriptive norms (societal estimates of mask-wearing rates) and individual behavior. However, the influence of descriptive norms on individual mask-wearing behavior was not as pronounced as was anticipated. The study highlights the complexities in the interplay between societal norms and individual behavior in public health crises, underscoring the importance of considering various factors, including cultural predispositions.
・アフターコロナ期における日本人のマスク着用に、2種類の規範（「政府による推奨政策」と「周囲の着用状況」）が与える影響を検証した
・長期にわたるパネル調査データを用いて、アフターコロナへの重要な転換期を含む期間を分析した
・マスク着用の動機は、「政府が推奨している」という命令的規範の遵守や周囲からの強い同調圧力というよりも、「私がしたいから」という個人の判断によるものが大きかった
・コロナ禍を題材に、私たちの社会行動と「状況の力」との複雑な関係を明らかにした