Morimoto et al. (2018)

Morimoto, Y. (森本裕子), Yamasaki, S., Ando, S., et al. (2018).
Purpose in life and tobacco use among community-dwelling mothers of early adolescents 
地域在住の思春期早期児童母親において、人生の意義を感じる程度はタバコ（不）使用と関連する 
BMJ Open 2018;8:e020586. 
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020586 

Objectives: The rising prevalence of tobacco use and tobacco-attributable deaths among women is of worldwide concern. In particular, smoking prevention for mothers in early midlife is a significant international public health goal. A higher sense of purpose in life (PIL) is thought to reduce detrimental health behaviours. However, little is known about the association between a sense of PIL and tobacco use. This study investigates this association among community-dwelling mothers of early adolescents. Design: This population-based cross-sectional study uses a self-reported questionnaire from the Tokyo Early Adolescence Survey, a large community-based survey conducted in Japan between 2012 and 2015. Setting Participants were randomly recruited from the resident registries of three municipalities in Tokyo, Japan. Participants: A total of 4478 children and their primary parents participated. Responses from 4063 mothers with no missing data were analysed (mean age=42.0 years (SD=4.2)). Measures: Participants’ tobacco use, including the number of cigarettes smoked per day, was documented using a questionnaire. PIL was assessed using a Purpose in Life scale derived from Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. Results: Greater PIL was associated with a decreased likelihood of tobacco use, even when adjusted for confounders (OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.91). Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that PIL was inversely associated with tobacco consumption among mothers. These associations remained after controlling for psychological distress, socioeconomic factors and frequency of alcohol consumption among moderate to heavy smokers (OR=0.70, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.86), while attenuated among light smokers. Conclusions: Increasing PIL may be a valuable intervention for reducing tobacco use among women in early midlife. This study can contribute to our understanding of the psychology of smoking behaviour and shed light on the targeted intervention to reduce tobacco use among early midlife mothers. 人生に意義を感じる程度（Purpose in life）は、様々な健康指標や健康行動との関連が指摘されています。本研究では、10歳児の母親である中年女性（平均42歳）を対象に、人生に意義を感じる程度と喫煙行動の関連を検討しました。その結果、SESや飲酒、心理的ストレス状態を調整しても、人生に意義を感じる程度が高いほど喫煙が少ないことを明らかにしました。また、先行研究で指摘されていた、心理的ストレス状態が喫煙を促進する効果は、人生に意義を感じる程度を調整すると有意ではありませんでした。